YOUR GUIDE TO THE FUTURE

A city is an ever growing and evolving system. Smart city as a concept of urban development, as well as cities are inevitably incomplete projects that requires constant upgrade and update, Houston et al. (2019) argued. Yet, often, smart city plan is viewed as a monolithic process without the consideration of the reality that the system is often “buggy, brittle and bugged”.

Smart growth is a planning concept that aims to build a more compact city design with diverse transportation options and mixed use of land. This concept is considered to address today’s urban challenge of pollution, congestion, long commute time and loss of natural habitat.

Cities that are located in coastal areas face a particular challenge due to the changing climate. Sea level rise, storm surges and floods are just some of the disastrous phenomena that threaten coastal cities. With the advancement of technology, devising ICT in the Disaster Management System has become widely prevalent for city government.

Through survey and content analysis, Vidiasova and Cronemberger (2020), study the perception of two important stakeholders in building smart cities, the local government and the citizens in St. Petersburg, Russia. The study found that despite a high level of engagement with e-government tools, citizens perceived smart city initiatives differently than the local government.

Building cities that are resilient to become crucial as more unpredictable hazards and disasters that we have never seen before. A city should be able to deal with and adapt to various kinds of pressure, changes and disaster without harming the livelihood or severely damaging the urban system.

Flooding is one of the biggest problems in Jakarta that are complex and require thorough planning and management from various stakeholders and sectors. Widiachristy and Rachmanto (2021) studied how the Government of Jakarta designed a mobile application as an early warning system (EWS) for floods that has become an annual occurrence in Jakarta.

With the development of technology that are implemented in smart cities, it is now possible to create a digital twin for cities that could immensely help the urban planning and management process. White et al. (2021) defined digital twin as a digital representation of a physical condition, process, system or device of a place or cities.

3T or “Trace, Test and Treat” is the principle that WHO uses for pandemic control. Sonn and Lee (2020), explained how Smart City came in handy, especially, to tackle the first part of the 3Ts, Trace. Learning from previous pandemics that the country faces, such as MERS and SARS, South Korea imposes the law for better pandemic control next time the outbreak occurs.

Razaghi and Finger (2018) defined city as a system, which means that a city is composed by interrelated elements that are indivisible elements but a whole. When we see a city as a system, we acknowledge the human agents that are also shaping the behaviour of the urban system as a whole and also how the complex urban system can be massive in terms of components and the geographical coverage.

With the ever-complicated urban service provision and high population growth, developing countries implemented Smart City with the aim of improving government efficacy and improving the quality of life of its citizen while also promoting transparency and inclusivity of governance with the public.

With cities in Indonesia implementing Smart City technologies become widely used. Real time monitoring and sensing through various devices that transmit data become a common practice with the intention of processing those data to improve the quality of life. However, Rosadi et al. (2017) raised the concern over the lack of data privacy law in Indonesia.

On the previous article, the significant positive impact of Smart City for the urban economy was explored. Caragliu and Del Bo (2019) investigated further on how Smart City impacted the urban economy. Study was conducted to see whether urban innovation is how cities achieve the positive urban economic outcome by implementing Smart City Policies.

City of Surabaya is one of the leading cities in Indonesia that has successfully implemented the Smart City Initiatives. Innovation in the governance is one element of Smart City that City of Surabaya has advanced.

Much of the discussion on the Smart City concept are related to the implementation of technological aspect. Pratama and Imawan (2019), thus explore the government bureaucracy aspect of the implementation of the concept to analyse what are crucial elements to get a successful smart city.

The national government of Indonesia created a website that can be used as a platform to report and voice citizens’ aspiration which the system has been integrated among 34 ministries, 96 public institution and 493 local governments.

Smart City vision opens a new way of engagement between the cities government and their citizen with the creation website platforms to communicate policies and information. This initiative is also supported by various legal documents that push the idea of transparent government.

Due to its geographic condition, Indonesia is vulnerable to various natural and man-made disasters such as earthquakes, flooding, forest fires etc. In order to better prepare and mitigate the disaster, Indonesia’s Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) led the initiative of using technology to map the disaster-prone areas with Geographic Information System.

With the rise of the concept of Mobility as a Servicer (MaaS), the use of ride hailing apps in cities including in Indonesia flourish. Ride hailing, especially the motorcycle type is popular in Indonesia’s cities as they are convenient, relatively reliable and accessible. However

With 34 Province and 514 cities in Indonesia, the problem and priorities among the local governments varied significantly. With limited resource and capital, local governments are encouraged to be innovative in solving challenges and issues in their areas.

In realising the Smart City, the challenge that the government of Medan City must solve is the lack of coordination between the service agencies and partners outside the local governments. Due to differing duties and priorities of the various agencies, there was a disintegration in realising the vision. In realising the Smart City, the challenge that the government of Medan City must solve is the lack of coordination between the service agencies and partners outside the local governments. Due to differing duties and priorities of the various agencies, there was a disintegration in realising the vision.

Kampung Glintung, a neihbourhood in City of Malang leads the way in initiating a community movement that creates a healthier living environment. This neighbourhood were an area prone to flooding before the community started to build and install Biopore Infiltration Wells in their area.

With the upgrade of Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) by the Police Department in Jakarta in their CCTV System, the Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement (ETLE) was launched simultaneously. The smart system was installed to detect traffic offense by motorised vehicle using the road.

To encourage the development of Small and Medium Enterprises in City of Jogjakarta, the government invites young entrepreneur by creating and facilitating creative and collaborative space through-out city. Government agencies such as the Department of Tourism and Culture and the ICT Department open up their office spaces as co-working spaces for young entrepreneurs that needs space for their new start-ups.

The capital city of Jakarta rolled out a scheme that integrated the various transportation mode in Jakarta, called Jaklingko. This scheme is the government effort to create reliable, seamless and comfortable public transportation system that serves the greater Jakarta metropolitan by not only integrating the infrastructure but also ticketing and fare system.

City of Semarang is one of Indonesia’s largest city in terms of population number. The activity of the 1,8 million people in Semarang produces around 1200 tonnes of waste each day. This becomes a huge problem for the municipality. With the help of the president’s decree, the solution proposed were to use the waste as a source of energy.

Population growth and the development of the city have caused the City of Semarang to be vulnerable to not only floods but also drought. The intense built-up area in the city have caused the heavy water to run off that creates flooding during rainy season and reduced the capacity of ground water absorption that creates clean water scarcity during the dry season.

City of Batam prioritise the creation of a city environment that supports innovation and creativity as part of their economic development strategies. As city island with limited resourece, City of Batam sees the potential of their manufacturing and creative industry as their future economic power.

City of Batam is unique as the administrative area includes three main islands and several smaller islands. This geographical condition has an impact on the limited clean water that can be used for daily consumption of drinking and cleaning.

As a response to the “100 Smart City Initiative” lead by the Indonesia’s Ministry of Communication and Informatics, City of Samarinda started to formulate plans in creating their Smart City in 2016. The municipality incorporated the vision in their 5-year City Development Plan.

To establish the Smart City Vision in City of Samarinda, the municipality took a step further then just mainstreaming the vision in the Planning Documents. As technology and information system is an essential part of the vision, the City’s Communication and Informatics Agency created a framework that ensure integration in this sector and maintain sustainability of the vision and actions.